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Sports betting in Canada

What’s the current status of sports betting in Canada?

Sports betting in limited forms has been legal in Canada since 1985. However, it wasn’t until the early 1990s, when provincial governments introduced provincial sports betting lotteries, that Canadian residents had actual legal outlets where they could wager on sports.

In 2021, Canada passed a single-game betting law that is expected to have a significant impact on the growth of the sports gambling industry across the whole country. Before the passing of the single-game betting law, Canadians were only able to bet parlays (multi-game bets) and everything was run by the provincial lottery system.

Bill C-218 now allows each individual province to determine how, if at all, single-game betting will be made accessible to the public. Provinces must decide on which sports are available, what type of bets will be available and, most importantly, who is authorized to set up and operate as a sportsbook.

Currently there are a combined eight provinces and territories that have made online single-game betting available for their residents. Another four have made single-game betting available at retail outlets.

Soccer_World Cup_Canada fans celebrate World Cup qualification
© Dan Hamilton-USA TODAY Sports

What is single-game betting?

Although sports betting in Canada has been legal for many years, single-game sports betting has brought an additional level of excitement for those who enjoy wagering on their favorite games and teams. For the first time, Canadians now have the opportunity to place a single-game bet, which simply means betting on the outcome of only one individual game.

Before the single-game betting law was passed, Canadians were only able to wager by playing parlay tickets, which means multiple games had to be involved. Experienced gamblers will know that the success rate for a bettor significantly drops as more games are added to a betting ticket. In June 2021, it was announced that Bill C-218, otherwise known as the Safe and Regulated Sports Betting Act, was approved by the Canadian senate, allowing each individual province and territory to legally offer single-game betting. In late August 2021, the first legal single-game bet was placed online in Canada.

There have been politicians arguing for years that the government needed to revisit their sports gambling laws because it was widely known that Canadians were already spending billions of dollars with offshore online casinos each year. Despite not being legal, single-game sports betting had already become a popular recreational activity for millions of North American sports fans, Canadians included.

When the United States government declared their own sports gambling laws unconstitutional in May 2018, it opened the door for each individual US state to make their own choices and laws on how to handle sports betting. Watching their neighbors to the south, where sports gambling is now legal in over two-dozen states and growing, has surely helped Canadian provinces and territories make informed decisions and safe strategies for rolling out their own sports betting plan.

By January 2022, every province or territory had some form of single-game betting available for their residents, except for one. Eight of the 12 provinces or territories have online single-game betting available, while four have it only available at select retail outlets. Find out more in our dedicated guide to single-game betting.

How will single-game betting be implemented across Canada?

When C-218 was passed in June and came into effect on August 27, 2021, it gave each individual province and territory the right to decide how single-game sports betting should be made available to their residents, if at all. The final vote to pass the law in the Canadian senate was 50-27 in favor, with five votes abstaining.

Before the passing of C-218, all 13 provinces and territories offered sports betting parlay options through their provincial lottery commission. The C-218 ruling gives each individual province the right to decide if they want to offer single-game betting to their residents. Since the law came into effect in late August, 12 of the 13 provinces and territories have made single-game betting available. Nova Scotia remains the only province that does not yet offer a single-game betting option.

Almost three years before Canada amended their sports gambling laws, the United States went through an almost identical process. The US Supreme Court made a similar decision, allowing individual states the right to decide if and how single-game sports betting should be implemented.

New York is one of the latest states to embrace single-game sports betting and just recently made it available online for its residents. During an eight-day stretch in early January 2022, it was reported that over $600million in bets were placed legally by New Yorkers.

Although Canadian provinces don’t have the population size of New York, it is still believed that Canadian sports fans as a whole were spending somewhere close to $10 billion or more each year with offshore gambling sites. One of the reasons why some politicians have been asking for years to have the sports betting laws amended is because of the potential tax windfall legalized sports betting will provide individual provinces.

Ontario

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in Ontario?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Ontario

Alberta

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in Alberta?
Which sportsbooks are expected in Alberta?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Alberta

British Columbia

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in British Columbia?
Which sportsbooks are expected in British Columbia?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in British Columbia

Manitoba

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in Manitoba?
Which sportsbooks are expected in Manitoba?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Manitoba

New Brunswick

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in New Brunswick?
Which sportsbooks are expected in New Brunswick?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in New Brunswick

Newfoundland and Labrador

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in Newfoundland and Labrador?
Which sportsbooks are expected in Newfoundland and Labrador?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Newfoundland and Labrador

Northwest Territories

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in the Northwest Territories?
Which sportsbooks are expected in the Northwest Territories?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Northwest Territories

Nova Scotia

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in Nova Scotia?
Which sportsbooks are expected in Nova Scotia?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Nova Scotia

Nunavut

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in Nunavut?
Which sportsbooks are expected in Nunavut?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Nunavut

Prince Edward Island

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in Prince Edward Island?
Which sportsbooks are expected in Prince Edward Island?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Prince Edward Island

Quebec

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in Quebec?
Which sportsbooks are expected in Quebec?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Quebec

Saskatchewan

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in Saskatchewan?
Which sportsbooks are expected in Saskatchewan?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in Saskatchewan

Yukon

Is single-game sports betting legal (online or in person)?
What is the legal age to bet?
Where can I bet in the Yukon?
Which sportsbooks are expected in the Yukon?
Are winnings taxable?
Overview summary of betting in the Yukon

What odds format is used in Canada?

The most popular odds format in Canada is the US or American style. Although most of the world uses either a decimal style or fractional style to display their odds, Canadians have adopted the system used by their neighbors to the south. American odds are based around the number 100 or, more specifically, $100. At first glance they can be a little confusing, but are easy to pick up with a little repetition.

The betting favorite has a minus sign (-) in front of the number. That number will tell a bettor how much they need to risk in order to win $100 in profit. For example, if the Toronto Blue Jays are -120 against the Boston Red Sox, the -120 tells bettors that they need to bet $120 to win $100. The total return [stake + profit] would be $220.

The underdog has a plus sign (+) in front of the number. That number will tell a bettor how much they will win in profit if they bet $100. For example, if the Edmonton Oilers are +130 to beat the Colorado Avalanche, the +130 tells bettors that if they wager $100 on the Oilers to win, they will receive $130 in profit. The total return [stake + profit] would be $230.

For more information, check out the BET.CA guide to betting odds.

Responsible gaming in Canada

Gambling is a safe and enjoyable activity for the majority of sports bettors, but it can lead to addiction and other problems for some. It’s therefore important to be able to recognize the signs of problem gambling and how you can help yourself or others in need.

For more information about our commitment to safe and responsible gambling, you can check out our in-depth responsible gambling guide, or find links to some of the foremost organizations committed to combatting problem gaming, including the Responsible Gambling Council, Canadian Partnership for Responsible Gaming, and iGaming Ontario.

All betting guides on BET.CA are written by in-our house team, who have over 40 years’ experience in the sports betting and gaming industries, and have worked and written for several of the world’s leading sportsbooks. They possess in-depth knowledge of betting markets and strategies, as well as an understanding of what is important to bettors, meaning you can read on with the confidence that they will help improve your betting.

BET.CA staff
BET.CA staff